# Agrivoltaics: Dual-Use Solar on Farmland for Grazing, Crops and Farm Income

Agrivoltaics means using the same land for solar generation and farming at once. Panels are raised or spaced so sheep can graze beneath them, or so crops grow between and under the rows. The setup gives a farm a second income from electricity while keeping most of the land productive.

## What is agrivoltaics and how does the land stay in use?

Agrivoltaics is the practice of combining solar panels and agriculture on one piece of land, rather than choosing between them. Instead of covering a field in ground-hugging panels, the system is designed to leave room for farming: panels are mounted higher, spaced further apart, or angled vertically so light and rain still reach the ground.

The aim is to keep the field genuinely productive while it also generates electricity. How much farming continues depends on the design, the crop or livestock, and the site. It is a planning and land-use decision as much as an energy one, so early advice from an agronomist and a planning consultant is sensible.

## Which farming works under and around the panels?

The most common pairing in the UK is sheep grazing under and between raised panel rows. The sheep keep grass down, which cuts mowing costs, and the panels give them shade and shelter. Poultry can work in a similar way. Fencing, water and access all need planning around the array.

Cropping is more involved. Some fruit, salad and shade-tolerant vegetables can do well with partial shading, and the panels can reduce heat stress and water loss in dry spells. Taller machinery-worked crops are harder to fit. Trials continue across different climates, so treat any specific yield claim with caution and test on a small area first.

## What does it mean for a farm business?

For a farm business, the appeal is a steadier income stream alongside variable farm returns. Electricity generated on site can power the farm’s own load, and there are several routes to fund it. Under a PPA there is no upfront cost, the rate per kWh is guaranteed at least 30% below the grid, and the system becomes yours for £1 at the end of the term.

Set against that are grazing or cropping changes, access for maintenance, and the tax, subsidy and tenancy questions that come with changing land use. These can affect agricultural reliefs and any tenancy or lender agreement, so confirm the position with your accountant, land agent and any landlord before committing.

## Frequently asked questions

**Can I still graze livestock under solar panels?**

Yes. Sheep grazing under and between raised panels is the most established UK approach. The animals control the grass and gain shade, while the array keeps generating. Fencing, water and vet access should be planned around the layout.

**Will putting solar on my land affect farm subsidies or reliefs?**

It can. Changing land use may affect agricultural payments, reliefs and tenancy terms, and the rules change over time. Speak to your land agent and accountant before you commit, and check any landlord or lender conditions.

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Source: [Agrivoltaics: Dual-Use Solar on Farmland for Grazing, Crops and Farm Income](https://ppafunding.com/guides/agrivoltaics-solar-on-farmland) · Author: PPA Funding team · Updated: 2026-08-03

PPA Funding is an independent introducer operated by DVC Group Ltd (Companies House 10462808), Shrewsbury — not the funder, the installer or the maintenance provider. The service is free to use; a commission may be earned from a partner at no extra cost. Content is educational and is not financial or tax advice.